Diuretics: Help the body get rid of extra fluid and salt
Thiazide Diuretics: Used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, edema, and sometimes used to prevent kidney stones.
Some common thiazide diuretics include hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), chlorthalidone, and indapamide. These medications are typically taken orally once a day.
Loop Diuretics: Used to treat fluid retention (edema) associated with heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease. Sometimes used to treat high blood pressure and to reduce fluid buildup in the lungs.
Some common loop diuretics include furosemide, torsemide, and bumetanide. These medications work by increasing the amount of urine the body produces, which helps to reduce fluid buildup.
Potassium-sparing Diuretics: Used to treat fluid retention (edema) associated with heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease. Unlike other types of diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics do not cause the body to lose potassium.
Some common potassium-sparing diuretics include spironolactone, triamterene, and amiloride. These medications work by blocking the action of aldosterone, a hormone that causes the body to retain sodium and lose potassium. By blocking aldosterone, potassium-sparing diuretics help to reduce fluid buildup without causing electrolyte imbalances.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: CAIs are used to treat a variety of conditions, including glaucoma, edema associated with heart failure, altitude sickness, and epilepsy.
Some common CAIs include acetazolamide, dorzolamide, and brinzolamide.
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